JAUS
The Joint Architecture for Unmanned Systems (JAUS) is an initiative to develop an architecture for unmanned systems. It defines messages and component behaviors that are independent of technology, computer hardware, operator use, and vehicle platforms and isolated from mission.
www.jauswg.org Details

RoboML
The Robotic Markup Language is an XML-based language for data representation and interchange in robotic applications.
www.roboml.org Details

Robotics Engineering Task Force
The RETF is an Intel research group attempting to formulate standards that specify reusable, interoperable building blocks for mobile robots. Their focus is on software framework and protocols.
www.robo-etf.org Details

SML
The Spacecraft Markup Language (SML) provides a standardized representation of commands, telemetry, science data, and other information to be used in the development of space probes.
xml.coverpages.org Details

SensorML
XML-based Sensor Model Language for describing the geometric, dynamic, and radiometric properties of dynamic in-situ and remote sensors.
vast.nsstc.uah.edu Details

XRCL
The Extensible Robot Control Language (XRCL - pronounced zircle) is a relatively simple, modern language and environment designed to allow robotics researchers to share ideas by sharing code. [PDF]
www.automationit.hut.fi Details